CVE-2023-31031

Privileged code execution via SBIOS heap overflow

Published Jan 12, 2024 · Updated Oct 9, 2025

Heap-based buffer overflow in NVIDIA DGX A100 SBIOS before 1.25 allows local users to execute code through privileged local access. NVIDIA identifies the locus only as SBIOS and has not disclosed which firmware routine mishandles input or what input reaches the heap buffer. A high-privilege local user can execute code, disclose or tamper with data, or interrupt the system; the exact failure mode is undisclosed.

CVSS severity4.2
Medium
EPSS probability0.19%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Heap-based buffer overflow in NVIDIA DGX A100 SBIOS before 1.25 allows local users to execute code through privileged local access. NVIDIA identifies the locus only as SBIOS and has not disclosed which firmware routine mishandles input or what input reaches the heap buffer. A high-privilege local user can execute code, disclose or tamper with data, or interrupt the system; the exact failure mode is undisclosed.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-31031
Published
Jan 12, 2024
Updated
Oct 9, 2025
Vendor
DPDK Project
Product
NVIDIA DGX A100
Classifications
CWE-122, CWE-787
Attack vector
local
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 12, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 9, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=All SBOIS versions prior to 1.25

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

DPDK Project · NVIDIA DGX A100version=All SBOIS versions prior to 1.25

Published CVSS scores

4.2NVIDIA CorporationCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
7.8National Institute of Standards and TechnologyCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-122Heap-based Buffer Overflow
CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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