CVE-2023-30547Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Host code execution via unsanitized proxy exception

Published Apr 17, 2023 · Updated Feb 5, 2025

Sandbox escape in Patrik Simek vm2 before 3.9.17 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in the host context via a crafted exception. In transformer-generated handling for destructuring catch clauses, handleException calls a Proxy-controlled getPrototypeOf trap that can throw an unsanitized host exception, exposing the host Function constructor. Exploitation requires an attacker-controlled JavaScript execution primitive inside a vm2 sandbox and grants the sandboxed code the host process's authority.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability72.09%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Sandbox escape in Patrik Simek vm2 before 3.9.17 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in the host context via a crafted exception. In transformer-generated handling for destructuring catch clauses, handleException calls a Proxy-controlled getPrototypeOf trap that can throw an unsanitized host exception, exposing the host Function constructor. Exploitation requires an attacker-controlled JavaScript execution primitive inside a vm2 sandbox and grants the sandboxed code the host process's authority.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-30547
Published
Apr 17, 2023
Updated
Feb 5, 2025
Vendor
Patrik Simek
Product
vm2
Classifications
CWE-74, T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 17, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 5, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 3.9.17

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Patrik Simek · vm2version=< 3.9.17

Published CVSS scores

9.8GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
10.0NISTCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-74Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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