CVE-2023-30470Network attack vector

Code execution via unsound non-strict callsite inference

Published May 18, 2023 · Updated Jan 21, 2025

Use-after-free in Meta Platforms Hermes allows attackers to execute arbitrary code through optimized untrusted JavaScript. The optimizer's identifyCallsites analysis treats non-strict functions as having only direct call sites, despite arguments.callee creating indirect aliases, causing unsound bytecode type inference and freed-memory reuse. Exploitation requires an embedding that enables optimization and executes attacker-controlled JavaScript; most React Native applications do not meet that condition.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability1.25%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in Meta Platforms Hermes allows attackers to execute arbitrary code through optimized untrusted JavaScript. The optimizer's identifyCallsites analysis treats non-strict functions as having only direct call sites, despite arguments.callee creating indirect aliases, causing unsound bytecode type inference and freed-memory reuse. Exploitation requires an embedding that enables optimization and executes attacker-controlled JavaScript; most React Native applications do not meet that condition.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-30470
Published
May 18, 2023
Updated
Jan 21, 2025
Vendor
Meta Platforms, Inc.
Product
Hermes
Classifications
CWE-416, T1059.007
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 18, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 21, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <da8990f737ebb9d9810633502f65ed462b819c09

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Meta Platforms, Inc. · Hermesversion=0 <da8990f737ebb9d9810633502f65ed462b819c09

Published CVSS scores

9.8OSVCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1059.007Command and Scripting Interpreter: JavaScript

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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