CVE-2023-28995Network attack vector

Settings modification via missing options-page nonce validation

Published Jul 10, 2023 · Updated Apr 28, 2026

Cross-site request forgery in Keith Solomon Configurable Tag Cloud 5.2 and earlier allows remote attackers to modify plugin settings. The ctc_options_page() function accepts and applies settings requests without validating a WordPress nonce. Exploitation requires inducing an authenticated administrator to follow a crafted link or submit a forged form, after which attacker-chosen tag-cloud options are saved.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability0.31%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Cross-site request forgery in Keith Solomon Configurable Tag Cloud 5.2 and earlier allows remote attackers to modify plugin settings. The ctc_options_page() function accepts and applies settings requests without validating a WordPress nonce. Exploitation requires inducing an authenticated administrator to follow a crafted link or submit a forged form, after which attacker-chosen tag-cloud options are saved.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-28995
Published
Jul 10, 2023
Updated
Apr 28, 2026
Vendor
Keith Solomon
Product
Configurable Tag Cloud (CTC)
Classifications
CWE-352, CAPEC-62, T1204.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 10, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 28, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=n/a <=5.2 changes=[{"at":"5.3","status":"unaffected"}]

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Keith Solomon · Configurable Tag Cloud (CTC)version=n/a <=5.2 changes=[{"at":"5.3","status":"unaffected"}]

Published CVSS scores

8.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
5.4PatchstackCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-352Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
CAPEC-62Cross Site Request Forgery
T1204.001User Execution: Malicious Link

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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