CVE-2023-28965

Sustained denial of service via storm-control overload

Published Apr 17, 2023 · Updated Feb 6, 2025

Improper exceptional-condition handling in Junos OS on QFX10002 allows attackers to sustain a denial of service via high-rate traffic. The storm-control path fails to preserve availability while receiving and processing traffic above the configured level instead of safely containing the overload. Exploitation requires adjacency to a QFX10002 with storm control configured, and continued traffic sustains the interruption.

CVSS severity6.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.62%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper exceptional-condition handling in Junos OS on QFX10002 allows attackers to sustain a denial of service via high-rate traffic. The storm-control path fails to preserve availability while receiving and processing traffic above the configured level instead of safely containing the overload. Exploitation requires adjacency to a QFX10002 with storm control configured, and continued traffic sustains the interruption.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-28965
Published
Apr 17, 2023
Updated
Feb 6, 2025
Vendor
Juniper Networks
Product
Junos OS
Classifications
CWE-754, CWE-703, T1499.002
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 17, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 6, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=19.4 <19.4R3-S11
  2. Affected versionversion=20.2 <20.2R3-S6
  3. Affected versionversion=20.4 <20.4R3-S5
  4. Affected versionversion=21.1 <21.1R3-S4
  5. Affected versionversion=21.2 <21.2R3-S3
  6. Affected versionversion=21.3 <21.3R3
  7. Affected versionversion=21.4 <21.4R2
  8. Affected versionversion=unspecified <19.3R3-S7

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Juniper Networks · Junos OSversion=19.4 <19.4R3-S11; version=20.2 <20.2R3-S6; version=20.4 <20.4R3-S5; version=21.1 <21.1R3-S4; version=21.2 <21.2R3-S3; version=21.3 <21.3R3; version=21.4 <21.4R2; version=unspecified <19.3R3-S7

Published CVSS scores

7.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
6.5Juniper NetworksCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-754Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions
CWE-703Improper Check or Handling of Exceptional Conditions
T1499.002Service Exhaustion Flood

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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