CVE-2023-28865Public exploit

Pre-boot code execution via incomplete directory hashing

Published Aug 8, 2024 · Updated Aug 8, 2024

Integrity-check bypass in Vynamic Security Suite allows physically proximate attackers to execute code before Windows starts. During Pre-Boot Authorization, the hardcoded SHA-256 index in Bootxsa.efi validates selected files but does not hash all directory contents on the unencrypted Superschaf Linux partition. Physical disk access permits unindexed content to bypass the intended boot-integrity boundary and execute before the protected Windows environment loads.

CVSS severity6.6
Medium
EPSS probability0.26%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Integrity-check bypass in Vynamic Security Suite allows physically proximate attackers to execute code before Windows starts. During Pre-Boot Authorization, the hardcoded SHA-256 index in Bootxsa.efi validates selected files but does not hash all directory contents on the unencrypted Superschaf Linux partition. Physical disk access permits unindexed content to bypass the intended boot-integrity boundary and execute before the protected Windows environment loads.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-28865
Published
Aug 8, 2024
Updated
Aug 8, 2024
Vendor
Diebold Nixdorf
Product
Vynamic Security Suite
Classifications
CWE-353, CWE-345, T1542.003
Attack vector
physical
Privileges
Unavailable

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 8, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 8, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=3.3.0 <=3.3.0sr14
  2. Affected versionversion=3.3.0sr14 <4.0.0sr05
  3. Affected versionversion=3.3.0sr14 <4.1.0.sr03
  4. Affected versionversion=3.3.0sr14 <4.2.0sr02

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorphysical
Required privilegesUnavailable in this record.

What is affected?

Diebold Nixdorf · Vynamic Security Suiteversion=3.3.0 <=3.3.0sr14; version=3.3.0sr14 <4.0.0sr05; version=3.3.0sr14 <4.1.0.sr03; version=3.3.0sr14 <4.2.0sr02

Published CVSS scores

6.6CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
6.6NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorphysical
PrivilegesUnavailable
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-353Missing Support for Integrity Check
CWE-345Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
T1542.003Pre-OS Boot: Bootkit

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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