CVE-2023-2884Network attack vector

Signature spoofing via weak signing-key randomness

Published May 25, 2023 · Updated May 22, 2026

Weak randomness in CBOT Chatbot before Core 4.0.3.4 and Panel 4.0.3.7 allows remote attackers to recreate signing keys. The signature-key creation process uses insufficiently random pseudorandom values, but the advisory does not disclose the generator, seed source, or code locus. No authentication or user interaction is required; a recreated private key permits forged signatures attributed to the original signer.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability0.69%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Weak randomness in CBOT Chatbot before Core 4.0.3.4 and Panel 4.0.3.7 allows remote attackers to recreate signing keys. The signature-key creation process uses insufficiently random pseudorandom values, but the advisory does not disclose the generator, seed source, or code locus. No authentication or user interaction is required; a recreated private key permits forged signatures attributed to the original signer.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-2884
Published
May 25, 2023
Updated
May 22, 2026
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-330, CWE-338, CAPEC-485, T1552.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 25, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 22, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

9.8NISTCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8TR-CERTCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-330Use of Insufficiently Random Values
CWE-338Use of Cryptographically Weak Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG)
CAPEC-485Signature Spoofing by Key Recreation
T1552.004Unsecured Credentials: Private Keys

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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