CVE-2023-28797

Privilege escalation via unsafe link-following file operations

Published Oct 23, 2023 · Updated Feb 27, 2025

Link-following in Zscaler Client Connector for Windows before 4.1 allows local users to execute code with elevated privileges. A privileged component writes or deletes a configuration file in attacker-replaceable folders without safely resolving links. Exploitation requires a low-privileged local user to replace a target folder and induce the privileged file operation, enabling arbitrary code execution.

CVSS severity7.3
High
EPSS probability0.22%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Link-following in Zscaler Client Connector for Windows before 4.1 allows local users to execute code with elevated privileges. A privileged component writes or deletes a configuration file in attacker-replaceable folders without safely resolving links. Exploitation requires a low-privileged local user to replace a target folder and induce the privileged file operation, enabling arbitrary code execution.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-28797
Published
Oct 23, 2023
Updated
Feb 27, 2025
Vendor
Zscaler
Product
Zscaler Client Connector
Classifications
CWE-59, CAPEC-549, T1574
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 23, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 27, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <4.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Zscaler · Zscaler Client Connectorversion=0 <4.1

Published CVSS scores

6.3ZscalerCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L
7.3NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-59Improper Link Resolution Before File Access ('Link Following')
CAPEC-549Local Execution of Code
T1574Hijack Execution Flow

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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