CVE-2023-28760Public exploit

Root code execution via minidlnad stack overflow

Published Oct 2, 2025 · Updated Oct 2, 2025

Stack-based buffer overflow in TP-Link AX1800 WiFi 6 Router (Archer AX21) allows remote attackers on the LAN to execute code as root. MiniDLNA reads attacker-controlled dlna_pn data from a writable files.db database, and upnpsoap.c passes the unbounded suffix to sprintf into a 128-byte stack buffer. Exploitation requires a connected USB flash drive, enabled media sharing, SMB or FTP access to the share, and a crafted ContentDir SOAP request.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability3.36%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stack-based buffer overflow in TP-Link AX1800 WiFi 6 Router (Archer AX21) allows remote attackers on the LAN to execute code as root. MiniDLNA reads attacker-controlled dlna_pn data from a writable files.db database, and upnpsoap.c passes the unbounded suffix to sprintf into a 128-byte stack buffer. Exploitation requires a connected USB flash drive, enabled media sharing, SMB or FTP access to the share, and a crafted ContentDir SOAP request.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-28760
Published
Oct 2, 2025
Updated
Oct 2, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-121
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 2, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 2, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

7.5CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-121Stack-based Buffer Overflow

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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