CVE-2023-28754

Local code execution via SnakeYAML gadget chain

Published Jul 19, 2023 · Updated Feb 13, 2025

Deserialization in Apache ShardingSphere-Agent 5.3.2 and earlier allows local users to execute arbitrary code through a crafted YAML file. SnakeYAML deserializes java.net.URLClassLoader from agent.yaml to fetch an arbitrary JAR, then instantiates javax.script.ScriptEngineManager with that loader. Exploitation requires permission to modify the target's Agent YAML, outbound access to the JAR URL, and a ShardingSphere JVM start using the Agent.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability1.46%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Deserialization in Apache ShardingSphere-Agent 5.3.2 and earlier allows local users to execute arbitrary code through a crafted YAML file. SnakeYAML deserializes java.net.URLClassLoader from agent.yaml to fetch an arbitrary JAR, then instantiates javax.script.ScriptEngineManager with that loader. Exploitation requires permission to modify the target's Agent YAML, outbound access to the JAR URL, and a ShardingSphere JVM start using the Agent.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-28754
Published
Jul 19, 2023
Updated
Feb 13, 2025
Vendor
The Apache Software Foundation
Product
Apache ShardingSphere
Classifications
CWE-502, T1129
Attack vector
local
Privileges
Unavailable

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 19, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 13, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=5.3.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesUnavailable in this record.

What is affected?

The Apache Software Foundation · Apache ShardingSphereversion=0 <=5.3.2
The Apache Software Foundation · ShardingSphere-Agentversion=0 <=5.3.2

Published CVSS scores

8.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
PrivilegesUnavailable
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-502Deserialization of Untrusted Data
T1129Shared Modules

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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