CVE-2023-28731Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Unauthenticated code execution via unrestricted PHP upload

Published Mar 30, 2023 · Updated Feb 11, 2025

Unrestricted PHP file upload in AcyMailing Enterprise for Joomla before 8.3.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code. The front-office campaign creation interface accepts uploaded PHP content without restricting dangerous file types, placing executable code on the server. Exploitation is unauthenticated only when front-office campaign creation has been granted, and successful code execution compromises the Joomla host.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability1.78%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Unrestricted PHP file upload in AcyMailing Enterprise for Joomla before 8.3.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code. The front-office campaign creation interface accepts uploaded PHP content without restricting dangerous file types, placing executable code on the server. Exploitation is unauthenticated only when front-office campaign creation has been granted, and successful code execution compromises the Joomla host.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-28731
Published
Mar 30, 2023
Updated
Feb 11, 2025
Vendor
AcyMailing Newsletter Team
Product
AcyMailing
Classifications
CWE-434, CWE-20, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 30, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 11, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <8.3.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

AcyMailing Newsletter Team · AcyMailingversion=0 <8.3.0

Published CVSS scores

9.8Switzerland Government Common Vulnerability ProgramCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-434Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
CWE-20Improper Input Validation
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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