CVE-2023-28468

Privileged SPI flash modification via exposed SMI handler

Published Aug 3, 2023 · Updated Oct 17, 2024

Incorrect authorization in InsydeH2O kernel 5.0 through 5.5 allows local users to modify SPI flash through an exposed SMI handler. The FvbServicesRuntimeDxe SMM module exposes a software SMI handler that accepts runtime flash operations from the OS without enforcing the intended firmware boundary. This path requires local administrative OS privileges and permits unauthorized modification of SPI flash contents.

CVSS severity6.1
Medium
EPSS probability0.15%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Incorrect authorization in InsydeH2O kernel 5.0 through 5.5 allows local users to modify SPI flash through an exposed SMI handler. The FvbServicesRuntimeDxe SMM module exposes a software SMI handler that accepts runtime flash operations from the OS without enforcing the intended firmware boundary. This path requires local administrative OS privileges and permits unauthorized modification of SPI flash contents.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-28468
Published
Aug 3, 2023
Updated
Oct 17, 2024
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-863, T1542.001
Attack vector
local
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 3, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 17, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

6.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N
6.1Insyde SoftwareCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:L

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-863Incorrect Authorization
T1542.001Pre-OS Boot: System Firmware

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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