CVE-2023-28402

Local privilege escalation via improper firmware input validation

Published May 16, 2024 · Updated Aug 21, 2024

Improper input validation in Intel BIOS Guard firmware allows local users with high privileges to escalate privileges on affected platforms. Intel has not disclosed the affected firmware locus, accepted input, or validation operation that fails. Successful exploitation crosses a security boundary, exposing protected data and enabling unauthorized changes.

CVSS severity7.2
High
EPSS probability0.21%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper input validation in Intel BIOS Guard firmware allows local users with high privileges to escalate privileges on affected platforms. Intel has not disclosed the affected firmware locus, accepted input, or validation operation that fails. Successful exploitation crosses a security boundary, exposing protected data and enabling unauthorized changes.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-28402
Published
May 16, 2024
Updated
Aug 21, 2024
Vendor
Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc.
Product
Intel BIOS Guard
Classifications
CWE-20, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 16, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 21, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

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  1. Affected versionversion=See references

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. · Intel BIOS Guardversion=See references
Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. · Comet Lakeversion=0 <*

Published CVSS scores

7.2Intel CorporationCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-20Improper Input Validation
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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