CVE-2023-28329Network attack vector

Authenticated SQL injection via unvalidated profile field

Published Mar 23, 2023 · Updated Aug 2, 2024

SQL injection in affected Moodle LMS releases allows remote authenticated users to alter database queries through profile availability rules. The profile availability condition accepts an unvalidated standard-field name and concatenates it into user-table SELECT expressions. Teacher or manager privileges are required by default, and successful injection can read or modify database data and interrupt service.

CVSS severity6.3
Medium
EPSS probability1.20%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

SQL injection in affected Moodle LMS releases allows remote authenticated users to alter database queries through profile availability rules. The profile availability condition accepts an unvalidated standard-field name and concatenates it into user-table SELECT expressions. Teacher or manager privileges are required by default, and successful injection can read or modify database data and interrupt service.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-28329
Published
Mar 23, 2023
Updated
Aug 2, 2024
Vendor
Moodle
Product
Moodle LMS
Classifications
CWE-89, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 23, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 2, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <3.9.20
  2. Affected versionversion=3.11.0 <3.11.13
  3. Affected versionversion=- <3.9.20
  4. Affected versionversion=4.0.0 <4.0.7
  5. Affected versionversion=4.1.0 <4.1.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Moodle · Moodle LMSversion=0 <3.9.20; version=3.11.0 <3.11.13; version=- <3.9.20; version=4.0.0 <4.0.7; version=4.1.0 <4.1.2

Published CVSS scores

8.8NISTCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
6.3CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-89Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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