CVE-2023-28201Network attack vector

Remote code execution via improper state management

Published May 8, 2023 · Updated Jan 29, 2025

A state-management error in WebKit Web Inspector in affected Apple products allows remote attackers to crash apps or execute code. Apple identifies incorrect state management in WebKit Web Inspector but has not disclosed the specific state transition or untrusted input that triggers it. The attack is network-reachable without authentication; successful exploitation either terminates the target app or runs arbitrary code in its security context.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability1.17%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

A state-management error in WebKit Web Inspector in affected Apple products allows remote attackers to crash apps or execute code. Apple identifies incorrect state management in WebKit Web Inspector but has not disclosed the specific state transition or untrusted input that triggers it. The attack is network-reachable without authentication; successful exploitation either terminates the target app or runs arbitrary code in its security context.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-28201
Published
May 8, 2023
Updated
Jan 29, 2025
Vendor
Apple
Product
iOS and iPadOS
Classifications
CWE-362, T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 8, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 29, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=unspecified <15.7
  2. Affected versionversion=unspecified <16.4

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Apple · iOS and iPadOSversion=unspecified <15.7; version=unspecified <16.4
Apple · Safariversion=unspecified <16.4
Apple · tvOSversion=unspecified <16.4
Apple · macOSversion=unspecified <13.3

Published CVSS scores

9.8NISTCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-362Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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