CVE-2023-28154Network attack vector

Sandbox escape via cross-realm magic-comment object handling

Published Mar 13, 2023 · Updated Feb 27, 2025

Sandbox escape in Webpack 5.0.0 through 5.75.0 allows attackers to access the host global object via a crafted magic comment. JavascriptParser assigned objects created by vm.runInNewContext directly to host-side options, and ImportParserPlugin inspected cross-realm RegExp constructors instead of first converting the values. Reachability requires control of a magic-comment property processed during bundling; the boundary violation exposes the host global object.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability1.41%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Sandbox escape in Webpack 5.0.0 through 5.75.0 allows attackers to access the host global object via a crafted magic comment. JavascriptParser assigned objects created by vm.runInNewContext directly to host-side options, and ImportParserPlugin inspected cross-realm RegExp constructors instead of first converting the values. Reachability requires control of a magic-comment property processed during bundling; the boundary violation exposes the host global object.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-28154
Published
Mar 13, 2023
Updated
Feb 27, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 13, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 27, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

9.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8GitHub Advisory DatabaseCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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