CVE-2023-28104Network attack vector

Website denial of service via schema rebuilding

Published Mar 16, 2023 · Updated Feb 25, 2025

Denial of service in Silverstripe GraphQL 4.1.1 and 4.2.2 allows remote attackers to interrupt websites via crafted GraphQL queries. The GraphQL request path rebuilds a missing schema during request handling, letting repeated queries force expensive schema generation without resource limits. Unauthenticated reachability requires a public GraphQL schema; otherwise an account is required, and large or complex schemas face the greatest service-disruption risk.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability1.05%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Denial of service in Silverstripe GraphQL 4.1.1 and 4.2.2 allows remote attackers to interrupt websites via crafted GraphQL queries. The GraphQL request path rebuilds a missing schema during request handling, letting repeated queries force expensive schema generation without resource limits. Unauthenticated reachability requires a public GraphQL schema; otherwise an account is required, and large or complex schemas face the greatest service-disruption risk.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-28104
Published
Mar 16, 2023
Updated
Feb 25, 2025
Vendor
Silverstripe
Product
Silverstripe GraphQL
Classifications
CWE-770, T1499.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 16, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 25, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion== 4.1.1
  2. Affected versionversion== 4.2.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Silverstripe · Silverstripe GraphQLversion== 4.1.1; version== 4.2.2

Published CVSS scores

7.5GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-770Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
T1499.004Endpoint Denial of Service: Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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