CVE-2023-27580Network attack vector

Password cracking via unsalted SHA-384 pre-hashing

Published Mar 13, 2023 · Updated Feb 25, 2025

Insufficient password hashing in CodeIgniter Shield before 1.0.0-beta.4 allows attackers to crack stored user passwords offline. The Passwords::hash method pre-hashes plaintext with unsalted SHA-384, Base64-encodes it, and passes that value to password_hash, enabling password shucking. Exploitation requires both a Shield-generated password hash and the same password's unsalted SHA-384 hash from another source, and successful cracking exposes the password.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability0.52%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Insufficient password hashing in CodeIgniter Shield before 1.0.0-beta.4 allows attackers to crack stored user passwords offline. The Passwords::hash method pre-hashes plaintext with unsalted SHA-384, Base64-encodes it, and passes that value to password_hash, enabling password shucking. Exploitation requires both a Shield-generated password hash and the same password's unsalted SHA-384 hash from another source, and successful cracking exposes the password.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-27580
Published
Mar 13, 2023
Updated
Feb 25, 2025
Vendor
CodeIgniter Foundation
Product
CodeIgniter Shield
Classifications
CWE-916, T1110.002
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 13, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 25, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 1.0.0-beta.4

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

CodeIgniter Foundation · CodeIgniter Shieldversion=< 1.0.0-beta.4

Published CVSS scores

7.5GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
5.9NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-916Use of Password Hash With Insufficient Computational Effort
T1110.002Password Cracking

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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