CVE-2023-2745Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Arbitrary translation-file loading via unsanitized locale path

Published May 17, 2023 · Updated Apr 8, 2026

Path traversal in WordPress 6.2 and earlier allows remote attackers to load arbitrary translation files through the wp_lang parameter. The locale-selection code passes GET or cookie wp_lang values through sanitize_text_field, which preserves path separators before locale file lookup. No authentication is required; cross-site scripting additionally requires a crafted translation file already uploadable to the site and user interaction to render it.

CVSS severity5.4
Medium
EPSS probability79.53%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Path traversal in WordPress 6.2 and earlier allows remote attackers to load arbitrary translation files through the wp_lang parameter. The locale-selection code passes GET or cookie wp_lang values through sanitize_text_field, which preserves path separators before locale file lookup. No authentication is required; cross-site scripting additionally requires a crafted translation file already uploadable to the site and user interaction to render it.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-2745
Published
May 17, 2023
Updated
Apr 8, 2026
Vendor
WordPress.org
Product
WordPress
Classifications
CWE-22, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 17, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 8, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <4.1.38
  2. Affected versionversion=4.2 <4.2.35
  3. Affected versionversion=4.3 <4.3.31
  4. Affected versionversion=4.4 <4.4.30
  5. Affected versionversion=4.5 <4.5.29
  6. Affected versionversion=4.6 <4.6.26
  7. Affected versionversion=4.7 <4.7.26
  8. Affected versionversion=4.8 <4.8.22
  9. Affected versionversion=4.9 <4.9.23
  10. Affected versionversion=5.0 <5.0.19
  11. Affected versionversion=5.1 <5.1.16
  12. Affected versionversion=5.2 <5.2.18
  13. Affected versionversion=5.3 <5.3.15
  14. Affected versionversion=5.4 <5.4.13
  15. Affected versionversion=5.5 <5.5.12
  16. Affected versionversion=5.6 <5.6.11
  17. Affected versionversion=5.7 <5.7.9
  18. Affected versionversion=5.8 <5.8.7
  19. Affected versionversion=5.9 <5.9.6
  20. Affected versionversion=6.0 <6.0.4
  21. Affected versionversion=6.1 <6.1.2
  22. Affected versionversion=6.2 <6.2.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

WordPress.org · WordPressversion=0 <4.1.38; version=4.2 <4.2.35; version=4.3 <4.3.31; version=4.4 <4.4.30; version=4.5 <4.5.29; version=4.6 <4.6.26; version=4.7 <4.7.26; version=4.8 <4.8.22; version=4.9 <4.9.23; version=5.0 <5.0.19; version=5.1 <5.1.16; version=5.2 <5.2.18; version=5.3 <5.3.15; version=5.4 <5.4.13; version=5.5 <5.5.12; version=5.6 <5.6.11; version=5.7 <5.7.9; version=5.8 <5.8.7; version=5.9 <5.9.6; version=6.0 <6.0.4; version=6.1 <6.1.2; version=6.2 <6.2.1

Published CVSS scores

5.4WordfenceCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
6.1NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-22Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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