CVE-2023-26472Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Low-privilege remote code execution via incomplete wiki-content escaping

Published Mar 2, 2023 · Updated Mar 5, 2025

Privilege escalation in CryptPad XWiki Platform allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary wiki content with elevated rights. IconThemesCode.IconThemeSheet uses a closing-brace replacement when displaying user-controlled theme documents, allowing async and Groovy macros to escape the intended code block. A user profile is sufficient to create the malicious theme without page-edit rights, and the resulting Groovy execution can compromise wiki data and service operation.

CVSS severity9.9
Critical
EPSS probability1.11%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Privilege escalation in CryptPad XWiki Platform allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary wiki content with elevated rights. IconThemesCode.IconThemeSheet uses a closing-brace replacement when displaying user-controlled theme documents, allowing async and Groovy macros to escape the intended code block. A user profile is sufficient to create the malicious theme without page-edit rights, and the resulting Groovy execution can compromise wiki data and service operation.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-26472
Published
Mar 2, 2023
Updated
Mar 5, 2025
Vendor
CryptPad
Product
XWiki Platform
Classifications
CWE-116, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 2, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 5, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=>= 14.0, < 14.4.6
  2. Affected versionversion=>= 14.5, < 14.9
  3. Affected versionversion=>= 6.2-milestone-1, < 13.10.10

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

CryptPad · XWiki Platformversion=>= 14.0, < 14.4.6; version=>= 14.5, < 14.9; version=>= 6.2-milestone-1, < 13.10.10

Published CVSS scores

9.9GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-116Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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