CVE-2023-26032Network attack vector

Arbitrary SQL execution via unescaped JWT username

Published Feb 25, 2023 · Updated Mar 10, 2025

SQL injection in ZoneMinder before 1.36.33 and 1.37.0 through 1.37.32 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL via a forged JWT. The zmLoadTokenUser function inserts the token's Username claim into its user-loading SQL query without escaping it. Exploitation requires remote access to the web interface and knowledge of the deployment's HASH secret, but it permits database reads or writes within the application's database privileges.

CVSS severity8.9
High
EPSS probability0.62%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

SQL injection in ZoneMinder before 1.36.33 and 1.37.0 through 1.37.32 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL via a forged JWT. The zmLoadTokenUser function inserts the token's Username claim into its user-loading SQL query without escaping it. Exploitation requires remote access to the web interface and knowledge of the deployment's HASH secret, but it permits database reads or writes within the application's database privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-26032
Published
Feb 25, 2023
Updated
Mar 10, 2025
Vendor
ZoneMinder
Product
ZoneMinder
Classifications
CWE-89, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 25, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 10, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 1.36.33
  2. Affected versionversion=>= 1.37.0, < 1.37.33

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

ZoneMinder · ZoneMinderversion=< 1.36.33; version=>= 1.37.0, < 1.37.33

Published CVSS scores

8.9GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-89Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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