CVE-2023-25915Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated root command execution via certificate filename

Published Aug 21, 2023 · Updated Jan 9, 2025

Command injection in Danfoss AK-SM 800A before 3.3 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges. The load_cert action passes a user-controlled certificate filename to read_certificate, which inserts it unsanitized into an OpenSSL shell command. A valid application account and network access to the XML CGI endpoint are required; successful exploitation grants full control of the appliance.

CVSS severity9.9
Critical
EPSS probability1.04%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Command injection in Danfoss AK-SM 800A before 3.3 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges. The load_cert action passes a user-controlled certificate filename to read_certificate, which inserts it unsanitized into an OpenSSL shell command. A valid application account and network access to the XML CGI endpoint are required; successful exploitation grants full control of the appliance.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-25915
Published
Aug 21, 2023
Updated
Jan 9, 2025
Vendor
Danfoss
Product
AK-SM 800A
Classifications
CWE-20, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 21, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 9, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 3.3

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Danfoss · AK-SM 800Aversion=< 3.3
Danfoss · AK-SM 800A Firmwareversion=0 <=3.3

Published CVSS scores

9.9DIVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-20Improper Input Validation
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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