CVE-2023-25818Network attack vector

Account takeover via unthrottled reset-token validation

Published Mar 27, 2023 · Updated Feb 19, 2025

Missing brute-force protection in Nextcloud Server 24.0.0 through 24.0.9 and 25.0.0 through 25.0.3 allows remote attackers to reset accounts. LostController::resetform validates attacker-supplied reset tokens without registering or throttling failed guesses, allowing unlimited online trials. The public endpoint requires no account, but success requires initiating a victim reset and finding one of 62^21 token values before replacing that account's password.

CVSS severity6.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.60%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Missing brute-force protection in Nextcloud Server 24.0.0 through 24.0.9 and 25.0.0 through 25.0.3 allows remote attackers to reset accounts. LostController::resetform validates attacker-supplied reset tokens without registering or throttling failed guesses, allowing unlimited online trials. The public endpoint requires no account, but success requires initiating a victim reset and finding one of 62^21 token values before replacing that account's password.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-25818
Published
Mar 27, 2023
Updated
Feb 19, 2025
Vendor
Nextcloud GmbH
Product
Security Advisories
Classifications
CWE-307, T1110
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 27, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 19, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=>= 24.0.0, < 24.0.10
  2. Affected versionversion=>= 25.0.0, < 25.0.4

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Nextcloud GmbH · Security Advisoriesversion=>= 24.0.0, < 24.0.10; version=>= 25.0.0, < 25.0.4

Published CVSS scores

6.5NextcloudCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
7.1NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-307Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
T1110Brute Force

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo