CVE-2023-25765Network attack vector

Controller code execution via unsandboxed folder templates

Published Feb 15, 2023 · Updated Mar 19, 2025

Sandbox bypass in Jenkins Email Extension Plugin 2.93 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute code in the controller JVM. The folder-template path passes Jelly or Groovy content to rendering without applying the Script Security sandbox or full-script approval. Exploitation requires permission to define email templates within folders and yields arbitrary code execution with controller JVM privileges.

CVSS severity9.9
Critical
EPSS probability1.09%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Sandbox bypass in Jenkins Email Extension Plugin 2.93 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute code in the controller JVM. The folder-template path passes Jelly or Groovy content to rendering without applying the Script Security sandbox or full-script approval. Exploitation requires permission to define email templates within folders and yields arbitrary code execution with controller JVM privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-25765
Published
Feb 15, 2023
Updated
Mar 19, 2025
Vendor
Jenkins Project
Product
Email Extension
Classifications
CWE-693, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 15, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 19, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=unspecified <=2.93

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Jenkins Project · Email Extensionversion=unspecified <=2.93

Published CVSS scores

9.9NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.9CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-693Protection Mechanism Failure
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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