CVE-2023-25751Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Application crash via overlapping JIT invalidation patches

Published Jun 2, 2023 · Updated Jan 9, 2025

Code corruption in Mozilla Firefox before 111, Firefox ESR before 102.9, and Thunderbird before 102.9 allows remote attackers to cause a crash. During JIT invalidation, adjacent potentially invalidating calls can make OSI patching overwrite a preceding frame's stored delta, so tracing uses an invalid IonScript location. Triggering requires crafted JavaScript and a compacting garbage collection at the required timing; Thunderbird disables scripting while reading mail, limiting exposure to browser-like contexts.

CVSS severity6.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.69%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Code corruption in Mozilla Firefox before 111, Firefox ESR before 102.9, and Thunderbird before 102.9 allows remote attackers to cause a crash. During JIT invalidation, adjacent potentially invalidating calls can make OSI patching overwrite a preceding frame's stored delta, so tracing uses an invalid IonScript location. Triggering requires crafted JavaScript and a compacting garbage collection at the required timing; Thunderbird disables scripting while reading mail, limiting exposure to browser-like contexts.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-25751
Published
Jun 2, 2023
Updated
Jan 9, 2025
Vendor
Mozilla
Product
Firefox
Classifications
T1499
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 2, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 9, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=unspecified <111

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Mozilla · Firefoxversion=unspecified <111
Mozilla · Thunderbirdversion=unspecified <102.9
Mozilla · Firefox ESRversion=unspecified <102.9

Published CVSS scores

6.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1499Endpoint Denial of Service

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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