CVE-2023-25668Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Crash or code execution via oversized axis

Published Mar 24, 2023 · Updated Feb 19, 2025

Out-of-bounds read in Google TensorFlow before 2.11.1 allows remote attackers to crash a host process or execute code via a crafted axis. The QuantizeAndDequantizeV2, V3, V4, and V4Grad shape functions accept an INT32_MAX axis and use it in rank and dimension calculations without an upper-bound check. A TensorFlow-consuming application must process attacker-controlled operation attributes; the published proof of concept crashes during graph tracing.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability0.84%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Out-of-bounds read in Google TensorFlow before 2.11.1 allows remote attackers to crash a host process or execute code via a crafted axis. The QuantizeAndDequantizeV2, V3, V4, and V4Grad shape functions accept an INT32_MAX axis and use it in rank and dimension calculations without an upper-bound check. A TensorFlow-consuming application must process attacker-controlled operation attributes; the published proof of concept crashes during graph tracing.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-25668
Published
Mar 24, 2023
Updated
Feb 19, 2025
Vendor
Google
Product
TensorFlow
Classifications
CWE-122, CWE-125
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 24, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 19, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 2.11.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Google · TensorFlowversion=< 2.11.1

Published CVSS scores

9.8GitHub CNACVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-122Heap-based Buffer Overflow
CWE-125Out-of-bounds Read

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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