CVE-2023-25657Network attack vector

Authenticated remote code execution via unsandboxed templates

Published Feb 21, 2023 · Updated Mar 10, 2025

Code injection in Network to Code Nautobot before 1.5.7 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code through Jinja2 templates. The render_jinja2 helper used a standard Jinja2 environment that evaluated attacker-controlled templates without blocking unsafe attribute access. Change permission for a computed field, custom link, export template, secret, or webhook is sufficient to run code in the server process.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability1.53%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Code injection in Network to Code Nautobot before 1.5.7 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code through Jinja2 templates. The render_jinja2 helper used a standard Jinja2 environment that evaluated attacker-controlled templates without blocking unsafe attribute access. Change permission for a computed field, custom link, export template, secret, or webhook is sufficient to run code in the server process.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-25657
Published
Feb 21, 2023
Updated
Mar 10, 2025
Vendor
Network to Code
Product
Nautobot
Classifications
CWE-94, T1190, T1059.006
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 21, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 10, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 1.5.7

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Network to Code · Nautobotversion=< 1.5.7

Published CVSS scores

7.5GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8NISTCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application
T1059.006Python

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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