CVE-2023-25653Network attack vector

Service hang via negative modular inverse

Published Feb 16, 2023 · Updated Mar 10, 2025

Denial of service in Cisco node-jose before 2.2.0 allows remote attackers to hang ECC operations via crafted elliptic-curve points. In the fallback backend, pointFpGetX passes a negative jsbn modInverse result to barrettReduce, whose unsupported negative input causes an infinite loop. Exposure requires neither WebCrypto nor Node crypto to be available and an application to process attacker-controlled points during ECDSA verification or ECDH key agreement.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability0.55%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Denial of service in Cisco node-jose before 2.2.0 allows remote attackers to hang ECC operations via crafted elliptic-curve points. In the fallback backend, pointFpGetX passes a negative jsbn modInverse result to barrettReduce, whose unsupported negative input causes an infinite loop. Exposure requires neither WebCrypto nor Node crypto to be available and an application to process attacker-controlled points during ECDSA verification or ECDH key agreement.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-25653
Published
Feb 16, 2023
Updated
Mar 10, 2025
Vendor
ClamAV
Product
node-jose
Classifications
CWE-835, T1499.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 16, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 10, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 2.2.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

ClamAV · node-joseversion=< 2.2.0

Published CVSS scores

7.5GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
7.5NISTCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-835Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')
T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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