CVE-2023-25431Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated script execution via unsanitized courseID reflection

Published Feb 28, 2023 · Updated Mar 18, 2025

Reflected XSS in Online Reviewer Management System 1.0 allows remote authenticated users to execute script via a crafted courseID value. The course-update.php page reflects the courseID GET parameter into HTML without neutralizing a closing quote and script markup. Administrative access is required to reach the page, and a victim must open the crafted request; exploitation runs script in that user's browser context.

CVSS severity4.8
Medium
EPSS probability0.46%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Reflected XSS in Online Reviewer Management System 1.0 allows remote authenticated users to execute script via a crafted courseID value. The course-update.php page reflects the courseID GET parameter into HTML without neutralizing a closing quote and script markup. Administrative access is required to reach the page, and a victim must open the crafted request; exploitation runs script in that user's browser context.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-25431
Published
Feb 28, 2023
Updated
Mar 18, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-79, T1059.007
Attack vector
network
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 28, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 18, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

4.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
T1059.007Command and Scripting Interpreter: JavaScript/JScript

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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