CVE-2023-25160Network attack vector

Email preview disclosure via unscoped mailbox queries

Published Feb 13, 2023 · Updated Mar 10, 2025

Authorization bypass in Nextcloud Mail affected branches allows remote authenticated users to read other mailboxes’ subjects and previews. During mailbox cache synchronization, SyncService calls MessageMapper::findByIds using only message IDs and the account user, so results are not scoped to the current mailbox. A low-privileged account and user interaction are required, and disclosure is limited to message subjects and the first characters of email bodies.

CVSS severity4.1
Medium
EPSS probability0.46%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Authorization bypass in Nextcloud Mail affected branches allows remote authenticated users to read other mailboxes’ subjects and previews. During mailbox cache synchronization, SyncService calls MessageMapper::findByIds using only message IDs and the account user, so results are not scoped to the current mailbox. A low-privileged account and user interaction are required, and disclosure is limited to message subjects and the first characters of email bodies.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-25160
Published
Feb 13, 2023
Updated
Mar 10, 2025
Vendor
Nextcloud GmbH
Product
Security Advisories
Classifications
CWE-639, T1114
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 13, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 10, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 1.11.8
  2. Affected versionversion=>= 1.12.0, < 1.12.9
  3. Affected versionversion=>= 1.13.0, < 1.14.5
  4. Affected versionversion=>= 2.0.0, < 2.2.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Nextcloud GmbH · Security Advisoriesversion=< 1.11.8; version=>= 1.12.0, < 1.12.9; version=>= 1.13.0, < 1.14.5; version=>= 2.0.0, < 2.2.1

Published CVSS scores

4.1GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N
5.3NISTCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-639Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
T1114Email Collection

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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