Arbitrary code execution via unsafe sprintf
Published Jul 6, 2023 · Updated Nov 4, 2025
Stack-based buffer overflow in Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code via crafted HTTP requests. The vtysh_ubus set_openvpn_client function copies attacker-controlled remote_subnet and remote_mask values into a fixed command buffer with sprintf when action is 2. Exploitation requires a high-privilege account able to submit the request and can crash the router or execute code with the service privileges.
Summary
What happened
Stack-based buffer overflow in Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code via crafted HTTP requests. The vtysh_ubus set_openvpn_client function copies attacker-controlled remote_subnet and remote_mask values into a fixed command buffer with sprintf when action is 2. Exploitation requires a high-privilege account able to submit the request and can crash the router or execute code with the service privileges.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2023-25123
- Published
- Jul 6, 2023
- Updated
- Nov 4, 2025
- Vendor
- Milesight
- Product
- UR32L
- Classifications
- CWE-121, T1190
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- authenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Jul 6, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Nov 4, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=v32.3.0.5
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- TALOS-2023-1716 proof-of-concept HTTP requestsproof of concept · demonstrated
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Reported exploitation
- CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog listingknown exploited catalog
Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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