CVE-2023-25116Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Admin-level code execution via unbounded OpenVPN address formatting

Published Jul 6, 2023 · Updated Nov 4, 2025

Stack-based buffer overflow in Milesight UR32L 32.3.0.5 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code via an HTTP request. The set_openvpn_client function formats unbounded local_virtual_ip and remote_virtual_ip JSON values into the fixed vtysh_command_buffer with sprintf. Administrative privileges are required, and an oversized address can crash vtysh_ubus while successful exploitation grants code execution on the router.

CVSS severity7.2
High
EPSS probability1.46%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stack-based buffer overflow in Milesight UR32L 32.3.0.5 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code via an HTTP request. The set_openvpn_client function formats unbounded local_virtual_ip and remote_virtual_ip JSON values into the fixed vtysh_command_buffer with sprintf. Administrative privileges are required, and an oversized address can crash vtysh_ubus while successful exploitation grants code execution on the router.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-25116
Published
Jul 6, 2023
Updated
Nov 4, 2025
Vendor
Milesight
Product
UR32L
Classifications
CWE-787, CWE-121, T1210
Attack vector
network
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 6, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 4, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=v32.3.0.5

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

Milesight · UR32Lversion=v32.3.0.5

Published CVSS scores

7.2Cisco TalosCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.2NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write
CWE-121Stack-based Buffer Overflow
T1210Exploitation of Remote Services

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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