Authenticated code execution via unbounded GRE fields
Published Jul 6, 2023 · Updated Nov 4, 2025
Stack-based buffer overflow in Milesight UR32L 32.3.0.5 allows remote authenticated users to execute code via a crafted HTTP request. The set_gre function passes attacker-controlled local_virtual_ip and local_virtual_mask strings to an unbounded sprintf call that writes into vtysh_command_buffer. High-privileged access to the router's management interface is required; successful exploitation grants arbitrary code execution on the appliance.
Summary
What happened
Stack-based buffer overflow in Milesight UR32L 32.3.0.5 allows remote authenticated users to execute code via a crafted HTTP request. The set_gre function passes attacker-controlled local_virtual_ip and local_virtual_mask strings to an unbounded sprintf call that writes into vtysh_command_buffer. High-privileged access to the router's management interface is required; successful exploitation grants arbitrary code execution on the appliance.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2023-25106
- Published
- Jul 6, 2023
- Updated
- Nov 4, 2025
- Vendor
- Milesight
- Product
- UR32L
- Classifications
- CWE-121, T1190
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- admin
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Jul 6, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Nov 4, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.
Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=v32.3.0.5
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- Cisco Talos vtysh_ubus crash proof of conceptproof of concept · demonstrated
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
See the directory against your own environment.
Your stack
Check the software in your environment
Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.
Book a demo