CVE-2023-2504

Root access via firmware-embedded hard-coded credentials

Published May 22, 2023 · Updated Jan 16, 2025

Hard-coded credentials in affected BirdDog camera and encoder firmware allow local users to gain unauthorized root access. The firmware images contain files with reusable credentials, and public sources do not identify the files or the access service that accepts them. Exploitation requires local access under the CNA assessment; successful use grants full root control of the appliance.

CVSS severity8.4
High
EPSS probability0.46%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Hard-coded credentials in affected BirdDog camera and encoder firmware allow local users to gain unauthorized root access. The firmware images contain files with reusable credentials, and public sources do not identify the files or the access service that accepts them. Exploitation requires local access under the CNA assessment; successful use grants full root control of the appliance.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-2504
Published
May 22, 2023
Updated
Jan 16, 2025
Vendor
BirdDog
Product
EYES A300
Classifications
CWE-798, T1078
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 22, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 16, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=3.4

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

BirdDog · EYES A300version=3.4
BirdDog · Studio NDIversion=3.6.4
BirdDog · Miniversion=2.6.2
BirdDog · 4K QUADversion=4.5.181; version=4.5.196

Published CVSS scores

9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.4ICS-CERTCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-798Use of Hard-coded Credentials
T1078Valid Accounts

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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