CVE-2023-25012Public exploit

System crash via lingering HID LED controller

Published Feb 1, 2023 · Updated May 5, 2025

Use-after-free in the Linux kernel through 6.1.9 allows physically proximate attackers to crash a system with a crafted USB device. During BigBen HID device removal, bigben_remove frees struct bigben_device while its registered LED controller can still invoke bigben_set_led and queue bigben_worker against the freed object. Exploitation requires physical USB access and a kernel built with the BigBen force-feedback driver; the demonstrated consequence is a system crash.

CVSS severity4.6
Medium
EPSS probability0.79%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in the Linux kernel through 6.1.9 allows physically proximate attackers to crash a system with a crafted USB device. During BigBen HID device removal, bigben_remove frees struct bigben_device while its registered LED controller can still invoke bigben_set_led and queue bigben_worker against the freed object. Exploitation requires physical USB access and a kernel built with the BigBen force-feedback driver; the demonstrated consequence is a system crash.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-25012
Published
Feb 1, 2023
Updated
May 5, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-416, T1200
Attack vector
physical
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 1, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 5, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorphysical
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

4.6NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.6CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorphysical
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1200Hardware Additions

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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