CVE-2023-23764Network attack vector

Commit smuggling via misleading pull request diffs

Published Jul 27, 2023 · Updated Oct 16, 2024

Incorrect comparison in GitHub Enterprise Server allows remote authenticated users with repository write access to smuggle commits through pull requests. The pull request UI compares crafted commit history incorrectly and renders a diff that hides the smuggled changes. A repository writer must induce a reviewer to rely on the misleading diff, enabling unseen code changes to pass review.

CVSS severity4.8
Medium
EPSS probability0.59%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Incorrect comparison in GitHub Enterprise Server allows remote authenticated users with repository write access to smuggle commits through pull requests. The pull request UI compares crafted commit history incorrectly and renders a diff that hides the smuggled changes. A repository writer must induce a reviewer to rely on the misleading diff, enabling unseen code changes to pass review.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-23764
Published
Jul 27, 2023
Updated
Oct 16, 2024
Vendor
Twitter
Product
GitHub Enterprise Server
Classifications
CWE-697, T1565.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 27, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 16, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=3.7.0 <3.7.9
  2. Affected versionversion=3.8.0 <3.8.2
  3. Affected versionversion=3.9.0 <3.9.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Twitter · GitHub Enterprise Serverversion=3.7.0 <3.7.9; version=3.8.0 <3.8.2; version=3.9.0 <3.9.1

Published CVSS scores

7.1NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N
4.8GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-697Incorrect Comparison
T1565.001Stored Data Manipulation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo