Command execution via unnormalized carriage returns
Published Jun 2, 2023 · Updated Dec 18, 2025
Command injection in Mozilla Firefox before 109, Firefox ESR before 102.7, and Thunderbird before 102.7 allows attackers to execute commands. The Windows DevTools Copy as cURL formatter fails to normalize carriage returns in request data, letting pasted output split into attacker-controlled CMD commands. Exploitation requires a user to copy a malicious network request as cURL and paste it into cmd.exe; PowerShell and non-Windows systems are unaffected.
Summary
What happened
Command injection in Mozilla Firefox before 109, Firefox ESR before 102.7, and Thunderbird before 102.7 allows attackers to execute commands. The Windows DevTools Copy as cURL formatter fails to normalize carriage returns in request data, letting pasted output split into attacker-controlled CMD commands. Exploitation requires a user to copy a malicious network request as cURL and paste it into cmd.exe; PowerShell and non-Windows systems are unaffected.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2023-23599
- Published
- Jun 2, 2023
- Updated
- Dec 18, 2025
- Vendor
- Mozilla
- Product
- Firefox
- Classifications
- CWE-116, T1059.003
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Jun 2, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Dec 18, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=unspecified <109
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- Windows Copy as cURL carriage-return proof of conceptproof of concept · demonstrated
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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