CVE-2023-23596Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated command execution via htpasswd argument concatenation

Published Jan 20, 2023 · Updated Apr 3, 2025

OS command injection in jc21 NGINX Proxy Manager 2.9.19 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands. The access-list build method concatenates item.username and item.password into an htpasswd shell command passed to utils.exec without validation or escaping. Access-list creation requires a valid authentication token; successful input executes commands with the server process privileges.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability15.20%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

OS command injection in jc21 NGINX Proxy Manager 2.9.19 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands. The access-list build method concatenates item.username and item.password into an htpasswd shell command passed to utils.exec without validation or escaping. Access-list creation requires a valid authentication token; successful input executes commands with the server process privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-23596
Published
Jan 20, 2023
Updated
Apr 3, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-78, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 20, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 3, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

8.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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