CVE-2023-23120Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Firmware modification via forgeable CRC integrity check

Published Feb 2, 2023 · Updated Mar 26, 2025

Firmware integrity validation in TRENDnet TV-IP651WI 1.07.01 and earlier allows man-in-the-middle attackers to install modified firmware. The updater treats a CRC checksum as proof of authenticity, allowing an intercepted firmware image with a matching checksum to pass verification. Exploitation requires interception of a firmware update and permits replacement of trusted device code.

CVSS severity5.9
Medium
EPSS probability0.27%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

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Summary

What happened

Firmware integrity validation in TRENDnet TV-IP651WI 1.07.01 and earlier allows man-in-the-middle attackers to install modified firmware. The updater treats a CRC checksum as proof of authenticity, allowing an intercepted firmware image with a matching checksum to pass verification. Exploitation requires interception of a firmware update and permits replacement of trusted device code.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-23120
Published
Feb 2, 2023
Updated
Mar 26, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-354, T1557, T1565.002
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 2, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 26, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

5.9NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-354Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value
T1557Adversary-in-the-Middle
T1565.002Transmitted Data Manipulation

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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