CVE-2023-22797Network attack vector

Open redirect via protocol-relative URL validation bypass

Published Feb 9, 2023 · Updated Mar 24, 2025

Open redirect in Rails Action Pack 7.0.0 through 7.0.4 allows remote attackers to redirect users through crafted URLs. The _url_host_allowed? method treated any hostless string beginning with a slash as local, including protocol-relative URLs beginning with double slashes. Exploitation requires an application to pass untrusted input to redirect_to and a user to follow the resulting redirect to an attacker-controlled site.

CVSS severity6.1
Medium
EPSS probability0.60%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Open redirect in Rails Action Pack 7.0.0 through 7.0.4 allows remote attackers to redirect users through crafted URLs. The _url_host_allowed? method treated any hostless string beginning with a slash as local, including protocol-relative URLs beginning with double slashes. Exploitation requires an application to pass untrusted input to redirect_to and a user to follow the resulting redirect to an attacker-controlled site.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-22797
Published
Feb 9, 2023
Updated
Mar 24, 2025
Vendor
Rails
Product
Action Pack
Classifications
CWE-601, T1204.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 9, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 24, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

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  1. Affected versionversion=7.0.4.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Rails · Action Packversion=7.0.4.1

Published CVSS scores

6.1CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
6.1GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
6.1NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-601URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
T1204.001User Execution: Malicious Link

Public exploit references

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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