CVE-2023-22792Network attack vector

Service interruption via cookie-domain regex backtracking

Published Feb 9, 2023 · Updated Mar 24, 2025

Regular-expression denial of service in Ruby on Rails before 6.0.6.1, 6.1.7.1, or 7.0.4.1 allows remote attackers to exhaust resources. Action Dispatch cookie-domain handling applies a regular expression to host parts derived from X-Forwarded-Host; crafted cookies drive catastrophic backtracking. An unauthenticated network request must combine the malicious header and cookies, and successful exploitation degrades or interrupts request processing through CPU and memory exhaustion.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability1.70%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Regular-expression denial of service in Ruby on Rails before 6.0.6.1, 6.1.7.1, or 7.0.4.1 allows remote attackers to exhaust resources. Action Dispatch cookie-domain handling applies a regular expression to host parts derived from X-Forwarded-Host; crafted cookies drive catastrophic backtracking. An unauthenticated network request must combine the malicious header and cookies, and successful exploitation degrades or interrupts request processing through CPU and memory exhaustion.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-22792
Published
Feb 9, 2023
Updated
Mar 24, 2025
Vendor
Ruby on Rails
Product
Ruby on Rails
Classifications
CWE-1333, CWE-400, T1499.003
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 9, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 24, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=6.0.6.1, 6.1.7.1, 7.0.4.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Ruby on Rails · Ruby on Railsversion=6.0.6.1, 6.1.7.1, 7.0.4.1

Published CVSS scores

7.5NISTCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
7.5CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-1333Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
CWE-400Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
T1499.003Application Exhaustion Flood

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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