CVE-2023-22741Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Remote code execution via unchecked STUN attribute length

Published Jan 19, 2023 · Updated Mar 10, 2025

Heap-based buffer overflow in FreeSWITCH Sofia-SIP before 1.13.11 allows remote attackers to execute code via a crafted STUN packet. stun_parse_attribute passes a sender-controlled attribute length to memcpy without checking the bytes remaining in the STUN message. No authentication or user interaction is required; successful heap grooming permits code execution in a process that embeds the library.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability2.38%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Heap-based buffer overflow in FreeSWITCH Sofia-SIP before 1.13.11 allows remote attackers to execute code via a crafted STUN packet. stun_parse_attribute passes a sender-controlled attribute length to memcpy without checking the bytes remaining in the STUN message. No authentication or user interaction is required; successful heap grooming permits code execution in a process that embeds the library.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-22741
Published
Jan 19, 2023
Updated
Mar 10, 2025
Vendor
FreeSWITCH
Product
Sofia-SIP
Classifications
CWE-787, CWE-122
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 19, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 10, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 1.13.11

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

FreeSWITCH · Sofia-SIPversion=< 1.13.11

Published CVSS scores

9.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write
CWE-122Heap-based Buffer Overflow

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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