CVE-2023-2259Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Administrator-context expression execution via bound username

Published Apr 24, 2023 · Updated Feb 4, 2025

Template injection in the alf.io backoffice before 2.0-M4-2304 allows remote authenticated administrators to execute browser expressions. The admin-index Mustache template inserts the current username within Angular-bound markup, causing username-supplied template syntax to be evaluated when the backoffice renders. Exploitation requires administrator access and affects the administrator's own backoffice session; the public ticketing application is not exposed.

CVSS severity7.2
High
EPSS probability1.09%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Template injection in the alf.io backoffice before 2.0-M4-2304 allows remote authenticated administrators to execute browser expressions. The admin-index Mustache template inserts the current username within Angular-bound markup, causing username-supplied template syntax to be evaluated when the backoffice renders. Exploitation requires administrator access and affects the administrator's own backoffice session; the public ticketing application is not exposed.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-2259
Published
Apr 24, 2023
Updated
Feb 4, 2025
Vendor
Alf.io
Product
alf.io
Classifications
CWE-1336, CWE-94, T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 24, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 4, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=unspecified <2.0-M4-2304

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

Alf.io · alf.ioversion=unspecified <2.0-M4-2304

Published CVSS scores

9.1huntr.devCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.2NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-1336Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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