CVE-2023-22495Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authentication bypass via shared default JWT secret

Published Jan 14, 2023 · Updated Mar 10, 2025

Authentication bypass in MAIF Izanami before 1.11.0 allows remote attackers to access an instance with a forged session cookie. The official Docker image uses a published default secret to sign JWT-backed Izanami cookies, so a token issued by another instance validates. Exposure requires deployment with that default secret and grants authenticated application access even when the cookie's user does not exist.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability1.15%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Authentication bypass in MAIF Izanami before 1.11.0 allows remote attackers to access an instance with a forged session cookie. The official Docker image uses a published default secret to sign JWT-backed Izanami cookies, so a token issued by another instance validates. Exposure requires deployment with that default secret and grants authenticated application access even when the cookie's user does not exist.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-22495
Published
Jan 14, 2023
Updated
Mar 10, 2025
Vendor
MAIF
Product
Izanami
Classifications
CWE-288, CWE-798, T1606.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 14, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 10, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 1.11.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

MAIF · Izanamiversion=< 1.11.0

Published CVSS scores

9.8GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-288Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel
CWE-798Use of Hard-coded Credentials
T1606.001Forge Web Credentials: Web Cookies

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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