CVE-2023-22463Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Administrator takeover via hard-coded JWT signing key

Published Jan 4, 2023 · Updated Mar 10, 2025

Authentication bypass in KubeOperator KubePi 1.6.2 and earlier allows remote attackers to gain administrator access with a forged JWT. The session.go authentication code initializes the HS256 signer and verifier with the same public, hard-coded signing key across installations. No credentials or user interaction are required; an accepted token grants KubePi administrator privileges and can expose managed Kubernetes clusters to takeover.

CVSS severity9.4
Critical
EPSS probability69.67%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Authentication bypass in KubeOperator KubePi 1.6.2 and earlier allows remote attackers to gain administrator access with a forged JWT. The session.go authentication code initializes the HS256 signer and verifier with the same public, hard-coded signing key across installations. No credentials or user interaction are required; an accepted token grants KubePi administrator privileges and can expose managed Kubernetes clusters to takeover.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-22463
Published
Jan 4, 2023
Updated
Mar 10, 2025
Vendor
KubeOperator
Product
KubePi
Classifications
CWE-798, T1550.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 4, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 10, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 1.6.3

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

KubeOperator · KubePiversion=< 1.6.3

Published CVSS scores

9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.4GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-798Use of Hard-coded Credentials
T1550.001Use Alternate Authentication Material: Application Access Token

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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