CVE-2023-21784

Code execution via undisclosed use-after-free

Published Jan 10, 2023 · Updated Jan 1, 2025

Use-after-free in Microsoft 3D Builder 20.0.0 allows attackers to execute code when a user opens a crafted 3D model. Microsoft has not published the affected parser or the operation that frees and later reuses the object while processing untrusted model data. Exploitation requires user interaction with a malicious file, and successful memory corruption runs code in the affected application context.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.94%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in Microsoft 3D Builder 20.0.0 allows attackers to execute code when a user opens a crafted 3D model. Microsoft has not published the affected parser or the operation that frees and later reuses the object while processing untrusted model data. Exploitation requires user interaction with a malicious file, and successful memory corruption runs code in the affected application context.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-21784
Published
Jan 10, 2023
Updated
Jan 1, 2025
Vendor
Microsoft
Product
3D Builder
Classifications
CWE-416, T1204.002
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 10, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 1, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=20.0.0 <20.0.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Microsoft · 3D Builderversion=20.0.0 <20.0.1

Published CVSS scores

7.8MicrosoftCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1204.002User Execution: Malicious File

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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