CVE-2023-2121Network attack vector

Authenticated HTML injection via raw diff rendering

Published Jun 9, 2023 · Updated Jan 6, 2025

HTML injection in affected HashiCorp Vault and Vault Enterprise releases allows remote authenticated users to alter web UI content. The kv-v2 diff viewer incorrectly sanitizes attacker-controlled key values and renders them as raw HTML in the Vault web UI. Exploitation requires write access to a kv-v2 mount and a user viewing the diff; the default content security policy blocks inline JavaScript.

CVSS severity5.4
Medium
EPSS probability0.42%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

HTML injection in affected HashiCorp Vault and Vault Enterprise releases allows remote authenticated users to alter web UI content. The kv-v2 diff viewer incorrectly sanitizes attacker-controlled key values and renders them as raw HTML in the Vault web UI. Exploitation requires write access to a kv-v2 mount and a user viewing the diff; the default content security policy blocks inline JavaScript.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-2121
Published
Jun 9, 2023
Updated
Jan 6, 2025
Vendor
HashiCorp
Product
Vault
Classifications
CWE-79
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 9, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 6, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=1.10.0 <1.11.0
  2. Affected versionversion=1.11.0 <1.11.11
  3. Affected versionversion=1.12.0 <1.12.7
  4. Affected versionversion=1.13.0 <1.13.3

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

HashiCorp · Vaultversion=1.10.0 <1.11.0; version=1.11.0 <1.11.11; version=1.12.0 <1.12.7; version=1.13.0 <1.13.3
HashiCorp · Vault Enterpriseversion=1.10.0 <1.11.0; version=1.11.0 <1.11.11; version=1.12.0 <1.12.7; version=1.13.0 <1.13.3

Published CVSS scores

5.4NISTCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
4.3GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo