CVE-2023-21125

Local privilege escalation via freed HID report

Published Aug 26, 2025 · Updated Aug 27, 2025

Use-after-free in Google Cloud Android 12 and 12L System code allows local users to elevate privileges during Bluetooth HID handling. btif_hh_hsdata_rpt_copy_cb transfers a HID report pointer from BTA to BTIF after BTA immediately frees the report instead of retaining a deep copy. No user interaction or additional execution privileges are required; successful memory corruption grants elevated control on the affected device.

CVSS severity8.0
High
EPSS probability0.20%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in Google Cloud Android 12 and 12L System code allows local users to elevate privileges during Bluetooth HID handling. btif_hh_hsdata_rpt_copy_cb transfers a HID report pointer from BTA to BTIF after BTA immediately frees the report instead of retaining a deep copy. No user interaction or additional execution privileges are required; successful memory corruption grants elevated control on the affected device.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-21125
Published
Aug 26, 2025
Updated
Aug 27, 2025
Vendor
Google Cloud
Product
Android
Classifications
CWE-416, T1068
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 26, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 27, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=12
  2. Affected versionversion=12L

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Google Cloud · Androidversion=12; version=12L

Published CVSS scores

8.0CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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