CVE-2023-1385Public exploit

Device control via fixed J-PAKE secrets

Published May 3, 2023 · Updated Jan 30, 2025

Improper authentication in Amazon Fire TV Stick and Insignia Fire TV firmware allows remote attackers to control devices via PIN brute force. The generateX1 and generateX2 functions in the amzn.lightning service return one instead of random J-PAKE secrets, exposing the four-digit pairing PIN to at most 9,000 offline guesses. Local-network access to amzn.lightning is required; successful pairing can enable developer mode and ADB for a limited shell and application sideloading.

CVSS severity7.1
High
EPSS probability0.33%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper authentication in Amazon Fire TV Stick and Insignia Fire TV firmware allows remote attackers to control devices via PIN brute force. The generateX1 and generateX2 functions in the amzn.lightning service return one instead of random J-PAKE secrets, exposing the four-digit pairing PIN to at most 9,000 offline guesses. Local-network access to amzn.lightning is required; successful pairing can enable developer mode and ADB for a limited shell and application sideloading.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-1385
Published
May 3, 2023
Updated
Jan 30, 2025
Vendor
Amazon
Product
Fire TV Stick (3rd Gen)
Classifications
CWE-330, CAPEC-112, T1110.001
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 3, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 30, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=6.2.9.4

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Amazon · Fire TV Stick (3rd Gen)version=6.2.9.4
Insignia · Insignia Fire TVversion=7.6.3.2

Published CVSS scores

7.1BitdefenderCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-330Use of Insufficiently Random Values
CAPEC-112Brute Force
T1110.001Password Guessing

Public exploit references

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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