CVE-2023-0777Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Account takeover via unthrottled login attempts

Published Feb 10, 2023 · Updated Mar 24, 2025

Authentication bypass in Modoboa before 2.0.4 allows remote attackers to take over accounts by brute-forcing the login API. The /api/v2/token/ endpoint accepts repeated username and password guesses without rate limiting; the fix adds per-IP login throttling. Exploitation requires a known account name and a guessable password, and successful guesses grant that account's privileges.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability15.21%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Authentication bypass in Modoboa before 2.0.4 allows remote attackers to take over accounts by brute-forcing the login API. The /api/v2/token/ endpoint accepts repeated username and password guesses without rate limiting; the fix adds per-IP login throttling. Exploitation requires a known account name and a guessable password, and successful guesses grant that account's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-0777
Published
Feb 10, 2023
Updated
Mar 24, 2025
Vendor
Modoboa
Product
Modoboa
Classifications
CWE-305, T1110
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 10, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 24, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=unspecified <2.0.4

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Modoboa · Modoboaversion=unspecified <2.0.4

Published CVSS scores

9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.6huntr.devCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-305Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness
T1110Brute Force

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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